rastreader.Introduction to GPS modules and application industries

　　The information received by the GPS module is calculated based on the pseudo distance of each satellite, and the distance intersection method is used to obtain the receiver's four parameters: longitude, latitude, altitude, and time correction. The characteristic is that the point position speed is fast, but the error is large. The initial positioning module requires at least 4 satellites to participate in the calculation, which is called 3D positioning. Three satellites can achieve 2D positioning, but the accuracy is poor. The GPS module continuously outputs NMEA format positioning information and auxiliary information through the serial communication port for the receiver to choose applications.

　　The positioning accuracy of GPS modules depends on many aspects, such as satellite clock and orbit errors from the GPS system, the number and geometric distribution of visible GPS satellites, solar radiation, atmosphere, multipath effects, etc. In addition, the same GPS module may generate different positioning errors due to factors such as antenna and feeder quality, antenna position and direction, testing time period, open sky range and direction, weather, PCB design, etc. Even if different GPS modules of the same manufacturer and model are tested using antenna diversity simultaneously, there will be differences in static drift.

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