GPS overview and principle introduction

　　Namely Global Positioning System (Global Positioning System). Simply put, this is a satellite system consisting of 24 satellites covering the globe. GPS positioning technology has the advantages of high precision, high efficiency and low cost. The basic principle of GPS navigation system is to measure the distance between the satellite with known position and the receiver of the user, and then the specific position of the receiver can be known by synthesizing the data of multiple satellites. This technology can be used to guide aircraft, ships, vehicles, and individuals to safely and accurately follow a chosen route and arrive at their destination on time.

　　The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a new generation of space satellite navigation and positioning system jointly developed by the US Army, Navy and Air Force in the 1970s. Its main purpose is to provide real-time, all-weather and global navigation services for the three major areas of land, sea, and air, and for military purposes such as intelligence collection, nuclear explosion monitoring, and emergency communications. After more than 20 years of research and experiments, costing 30 billion US dollars, by March 1994, the constellation of 24 GPS satellites with a global coverage rate of 98% had been completed.

　　GPS positioning technology has the advantages of high precision, high efficiency and low cost, which makes it widely used in the strengthening, reconstruction and establishment of various geodetic control networks, as well as in highway engineering measurement and deformation measurement of large structures.

　　GPS features.

　　The main features of GPS: (1) all-weather; (2) global coverage; (3) high-precision three-dimensional constant speed timing; (4) fast, time-saving and high-efficiency: (5) wide application and multi-function; (6) easy to operate .

　　GPS function.

　　Main uses of GPS: (1) Land application, mainly including vehicle navigation, emergency response, atmospheric physical observation, geophysical resource exploration, engineering measurement, deformation monitoring, crustal movement monitoring, municipal planning control, etc.; (2) Marine application , including the determination of the best voyage route of ocean-going ships, real-time ship scheduling and navigation, marine rescue, marine treasure detection, hydrogeological survey, marine platform positioning, sea level lift monitoring, etc.; (3) Aerospace applications, including aircraft navigation, aerial remote sensing Attitude control, low-orbit satellite orbit determination, missile guidance, aviation rescue and manned spacecraft protection and detection, etc.

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