Design and Analysis of GPS Module

　　In order to meet the requirements of high-precision positioning, NEO-5Q GPS module is used for logistics tracking vehicle terminal to receive positioning information. The latest fifth generation positioning engine, u-Blox 5, is introduced by Swiss u-Blox company. This module has 50 channels of u-Blox engines, more than 1 million effective correlators, which can synchronously track GPS and Galileo navigation satellite signals. The first positioning time of hot start and auxiliary start is less than 1 second. AssistNow Online, AssistNow Office and other A-GPS functions are supported at the same time.

　　The working voltage range of the GPS chip is 2.7~3.6 V. In the actual design, AMS117-3.3 is used to provide 3.3 V stable power supply. Its positioning data supports NMEA-0183 protocol and UBX binary.

　　TXD pin and RXD pin of NEO-5Q are connected with RXD2 and TXD2 of STM32F103RBT6. The module supports data input and output of UART, USB, I2C and SPI interfaces. The default baud rate of UART is 9 600, with 8 data bits and no parity bit. NEO-5Q can provide positioning and updating rate up to 4 Hz, and its positioning and updating rate and positioning data output format can be set by software. In this design, considering the principles of practicality and low power consumption, the positioning update rate is set to 1 Hz, the output protocol is NMEA-0183, and the output format is GPRMC (it is recommended to use the minimum GPS positioning information). GPS chip can also provide accurate time service for the system when effective satellites are searched.

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